1. Components:
- Semiconductors: These are essential components used in processing, memory, and communication functions in phones. They are primarily manufactured in countries like China, Taiwan, South Korea, and the United States.
- Displays: The screens used in phones are often produced in countries like Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and China.
- Batteries: Battery manufacturing is concentrated in nations such as China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan.
- Cameras and Sensors: These components are often designed and produced in countries like Japan, South Korea, Germany, and the United States.
2. Final Assembly:
- China: China is a major hub for electronics manufacturing and is responsible for the final assembly of a large portion of the world's phones, particularly from brands such as Apple, Samsung, Huawei, Xiaomi, and others.
- India: In recent years, India has also emerged as a significant electronics manufacturing center and has attracted investment from various phone brands, including Samsung, Xiaomi, Realme, Vivo, and others.
- Vietnam: Some companies have shifted production to Vietnam to diversify manufacturing locations.
- Brazil, Indonesia, and Mexico: There are also phone assembly facilities located in these countries.
It's important to note that the supply chain for phones is complex, with components and materials sourced from multiple countries. Additionally, companies may diversify their manufacturing locations to optimize production efficiency and manage various factors like labor costs, trade regulations, and market demands.